Mountain Sage Minerals, LLC

Overview

Mountain Sage Minerals, LLC is a U.S.-based renewable energy company focused on the extraction, refinement, and distribution of technical minerals, primarily lithium and magnesium, using environmentally conscious methods and Direct Lithium Extraction (DLE) technology.

Core business and status

• Industry focus: Production of lithium and magnesium from brine using DLE, with potential co-production of other high-value minerals.
• Corporate stage: Exploration-stage issuer under Regulation S-K Subpart 1300. Mineral reserves have not been identified and mining operations have not commenced.
• Revenue and commercial arrangements: No mining revenue to date. The company plans to use intermediaries for future sales and pursue off-take agreements as appropriate.
• Financial position (latest filings):
  • Accumulated deficit: $30,957,121 as of December 31, 2025.
  • Auditor raised substantial doubt about the company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
  • Operations have historically been funded through debt and equity; the company plans to raise additional capital as needed, which may result in equity dilution.
• Operations: No active mining or processing facilities currently in operation.

Lisbon Valley Project (Utah)

• Claims and location:
  • 743 placer mining claims covering 14,320 acres in Lisbon Valley, Paradox Basin, San Juan County, Utah (~35 miles SE of Moab).
  • Comprised of 102 original claims plus 641 claims staked in July 2023.
  • Claims are on U.S. government land administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM); exploration permits obtained from BLM and the Utah Division of Oil, Gas and Mining (UDOGM).
• Established well data:
  • Superior 88-21 Peterson Federal ST1 well (historic) reported lithium ~340 ppm and magnesium ~74,400 ppm.
• Development plan:
  • Re-enter the existing well or drill new appraisal wells to evaluate reservoir properties (porosity, permeability, pressure) and flow rates.
  • Two appraisal wells planned by Mountain Sage Minerals to collect brine samples and inform reservoir evaluation.
  • Refine a proprietary subsurface model and conduct a planned proprietary 3D seismic survey to delineate reservoir continuity and inform well placement and production/injection design.
  • Retain third-party consultants for drilling, completion, and test result review.
  • Perform brine testing for lithium, magnesium, and other elements (e.g., cobalt, manganese, alkaline earth and transition metals) and develop an area resource estimate based on results.
• Technical reporting:
  • Technical Report Summary prepared by CPG Peek Consulting with an effective date of October 31, 2023 (filed February 12, 2024).
• Exploration context:
  • Historical data from nearby oil, gas, and potash wells in the Paradox Basin inform exploration and targeting.
  • QC/QA procedures and independent checks are planned for future resource estimation.

Growth strategy and technology

• Strategic objective: Establish domestic production of lithium and magnesium to support defense, automotive, and clean energy markets.
• Market rationale: Address U.S. import dependence for primary magnesium and support domestic lithium supply chains.
• Extraction method: Direct Lithium Extraction (DLE) is the preferred method, with a closed-loop brine processing approach that reinjects spent brine to reduce surface disturbance and water use compared with evaporation ponds.
  • General DLE process: Pump lithium-rich brine to surface, extract lithium and magnesium via adsorption, ion exchange, or membranes, reinject lithium-depleted brine, and purify products to battery-grade specifications.
  • Magnesium management: Potential pre-treatment to reduce Mg/Li ratios, improve lithium selectivity, and produce byproducts such as magnesia salts.
• Commercial development: Pursue partnerships, off-take agreements, strategic investments, and potential acquisitions to balance near-term cash flow and long-term value.

Environmental, social, and governance

• Environmental approach: Smaller surface footprint, reduced water use, and brine reinjection to minimize tailings and land disturbance relative to traditional evaporation methods.
• Regulatory context: U.S. policy and incentives for critical minerals (including tax credits and regulatory actions) could influence project economics and permitting priorities.
• Reporting and oversight: Board-level oversight of cybersecurity and risk; engagement of third-party specialists and a Qualified Person (QP) for resource estimation and technical reviews.

Operations, customers, and supply

• Current commercial status: No customers, off-take agreements, or sales to date. Sales strategy includes working with intermediaries when production begins.
• Supply: No material dependence on a single supplier; raw materials are available from multiple sources at market-driven prices.

People and governance

• Employees (as of March 19, 2026): Three full-time employees (CEO, COO, CFO).
• Independent contractors: Four contractors supporting accounting and geological work.
• Governance and controls: Board oversight of key risks; engagement of external technical and financial specialists; documented QC/QA procedures for technical work.

Legal, regulatory, and operational risks

• Permitting: Federal, state, and local permits are required; permitting timelines and conditions can affect project schedule and costs.
• Environmental obligations: Reclamation and ongoing environmental management requirements may create liabilities and financial assurance needs.
• Market and financial risks: Commodity price volatility, dependence on capital markets for funding, potential equity dilution, industry competition, and cybersecurity exposures.
• Exploration-stage risk: Risks typical of exploration-stage mineral projects, including uncertainties in resource definition, development timelines, and project economics.
• Securities considerations: Company stock may be subject to penny stock rules that can affect liquidity and trading.

Key numbers at a glance

• Claims and acreage: 743 placer claims; 14,320 acres (Lisbon Valley Project).
• Claims timeline: 102 original claims; 641 claims added in July 2023.
• Superior well historical metrics: Lithium ~340 ppm; magnesium ~74,400 ppm (Superior 88-21 Peterson Federal ST1 well).
• Personnel: 3 full-time employees; 4 independent contractors (as of March 19, 2026).
• Financials: Accumulated deficit of $30,957,121 as of December 31, 2025; auditor raised going concern uncertainty.
• Permits and partners: Exploration permits obtained; RESPEC engaged for geotechnical/engineering/resource management; third-party QP oversight planned for reserve/resource work.